Water and sediment quality parameters of the restored mangrove ecosystem of Gurupura River and natural mangrove ecosystem of Shambhavi River in Dakshina Kannada, India

Bindu Sulochanan; Lavanya Ratheesh; S Veena; Shelton Padua; D Prema; Prathibha Rohit; P Kaladharan; V Kripa

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113450

Water and sediment quality parameters of the restored mangrove ecosystem of Gurupura River and natural mangrove ecosystem of Shambhavi River in Dakshina Kannada, India

Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Mar:176:113450. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113450. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Authors

Bindu Sulochanan¹, Lavanya Ratheesh², S Veena³, Shelton Padua², D Prema², Prathibha Rohit³, P Kaladharan², V Kripa⁴

Affiliations

¹ Mangalore Regional Center of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, P.B. No. 244, Hoige Bazar, Mangaluru, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka 575001, India. Electronic address: binduchaithanya@yahoo.co.in.
² Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, P.B. No: 1603, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi, Kerala 682018, India.
³ Mangalore Regional Center of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, P.B. No. 244, Hoige Bazar, Mangaluru, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka 575001, India.
⁴ Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Coastal Aquaculture Authority, Chennai 600035, Tamil Nadu, India.

PMID: 35217422
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113450

Abstract

Restoration of Rhizophora mucronata stand in the Gurupura Estuary resulted in improved water and sediment quality parameters. Monthly monitoring from 2011 to 2016 indicates that the restored mangroves grew to a height of 61.49 ± 5.76 cm. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that increased duration of salinity in the estuary aided the growth of barnacles in planted mangroves which reduced survival by 10%. The United States Environmental Protection Agency ratings revealed that natural mangrove site in Shambavi River exhibit the maximum good water quality rating though dissolved inorganic phosphorous was rated highest due to non-point pollution sources. The pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, silicate, phosphate, ammonia, and rainfall demonstrated significant seasonal differences (P < 0.001). Mangrove roots and biomes aided in accumulation of clay and significant difference (P < 0.001) was observed yearly. Land use management, efficient waste disposal system along with restoration of diverse mangroves can improve the water quality of estuarine ecosystem.

Keywords: Dakshina Kannada; Mangroves; Nutrients; Rainfall; Sediment; Water quality.

MeSH terms

Ecosystem
Environmental Monitoring
Estuaries
India
Rhizophoraceae*
Rivers*
Water Quality