Effective suturing remains key to achieving successful outcomes in corneal surgery, especially anterior lamellar keratoplasty and full thickness transplantation. Limitations in the technique may result in complications such as wound leak, infection, or high astigmatism post corneal graft. By using a systematic approach, this study reviews articles and conducts content analysis based on update 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria). The aim of this paper is to summarize the state of the art of corneal suturing techniques for every type of corneal transplant and patient age and also their outcomes regarding astigmatism and complications. Future developments for corneal transplantation will be also discussed. This is important because especially the young surgeon must have knowledge of the implications of every suture performed in order to achieve consistent and predictable post-operative outcomes and also be aware of all the possible complications.
Keywords: DALK; PK; continuous suture; graft; interrupted suture; lamellar keratoplasty; nylon; penetrating keratoplasty; running suture; suture.