Biological silicon nanoparticles maximize the efficiency of nematicides against biotic stress induced by Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant

Ramadan M El-Ashry; Mohamed T El-Saadony; Ahmed E A El-Sobki; Amira M El-Tahan; Saad Al-Otaibi; Ahmed M El-Shehawi; Ahmed M Saad; Nashwa Elshaer

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.013

Biological silicon nanoparticles maximize the efficiency of nematicides against biotic stress induced by Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 Feb;29(2):920-932. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.013. Epub 2021 Oct 11.

Authors

Ramadan M El-Ashry¹, Mohamed T El-Saadony², Ahmed E A El-Sobki¹, Amira M El-Tahan³, Saad Al-Otaibi⁴, Ahmed M El-Shehawi⁴, Ahmed M Saad⁵, Nashwa Elshaer¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt.
² Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt.
³ Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City. Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.

Abstract

Nemours effective management tactics were used to reduce world crop losses caused by plant-parasitic nematodes. Nowadays the metallic nanoparticles are easily developed with desired size and shape. Nanoparticles (NPs) technology becomes a recognized need for researchers. Ecofriendly and biosafe SiNPs are developed from microorganisms. Recently, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have gained novel pesticide properties against numerous agricultural pests. This study assessed the biosynthesis of SiNPs from Fusarium oxysporum SM5. The obtained SiNPs were spherical with a size of 45 nm and a negative charge of -25.65. The nematocidal effect of SiNPs against egg hatching and second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne incognita) was evaluated on eggplant,Solanum melongena L. plants. In vitro, all tested SiNPs concentrations significantly (p ≤ 0.05) inhibited the percentage of egg hatching at a different time of exposure than control. Meanwhile, after 72 h, the percent mortality of J2 ranged from 87.00 % to 98.50 %, with SiNPs (100 and 200 ppm). The combination between SiNPs and the half-recommended doses (0.5 RD) of commercial nematicides namely, fenamiphos (Femax 40 % EC)^R, nemathorin (Fosthiazate 10 % WG) ^R, and fosthiazate (krenkel 75 % EC) ^R confirmed the increase of egg hatching inhibition and J2 mortality after exposure to SiNPs (100 ppm) mixed with 0.5 RD of synthetic nematicides. The findings suggest that the combination between SiNPs, and 0.5 RD of nematicides reduced nematode reproduction, gall formation, egg masses on roots and final population of J2 in the soil. Therefore, improving the plant growth parameters by reducing the M. incognita population.

Keywords: Eggplant; Meloidogyne incognita; Nematicidal activity; Plant growth; Silicon nanoparticles; Synthetic nematicides.