Effects of genotype and nutrient medium on obtaining haploid plants through ovary culture in cucumber

Abstract

Background: Cucumber is a species that breeding studies for variety development are carried out intensively. However, double haploidy technology, which aims to shorten the breeding process, has not yet reached the desired level.

Methods and results: Three induction (M1: Murashige and Skoog (MS), 0.04 mg L^-1 Thidiazuron (TDZ); M2: MS, 0.15 mg L^-1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1.5 mg L^-1 Kinetin; M3: MS, 0.1 mg L^-1 2,4-D, 1 mg L^-1 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and one regeneration (MS, 0.2 mg L^-1 BAP, 0.05 mg L^-1 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) media and 31 cucumber genotypes were used. At the end of study, in terms of embryo formation, M3 (33.41 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 99.61 embryos per 100 developed ovaria) and M2 (30.70 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 122.05 embryos per 100 developed ovaria) were found to be better than M1 (17.54 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 68.34 embryos per 100 developed ovaria). For plant formation, M1 (13.23 plants per 100 embryos) and M2 were found to be more succesful than M3. Ploidy analyses performed on 72 of 98 plants through flow cytrometry showed that obtained plants were various ploidy level (34.72% haploid, 37.5% diploid, 22.22% mixoploid, and 5.55% tetraploid).

Conclusions: According to the results of the research, 2,4-D added to the nutrient media seems to be successful in induction of ovary culture in cucumber. In plants determined as diploid according to ploidy analysis, doubled haploid situation should be checked by molecular analysis.

Keywords: Cucumis sativus L.; Culture media; Genotype; Haploidization.