Effective and repeatable chromatographic separation of 5 nucleotides in infant formula milk powder by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet

J Dairy Sci. 2022 Apr;105(4):2840-2848. doi: 10.3168/jds.2021-21133. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Abstract

A robust method using HPLC-UV was developed to improve the accuracy and repeatability of a quantitative method to detect 5 nucleotides (cytidine-monophosphate, uridine monophosphate, adenosine monophosphate, guanine monophosphate, and inosine monophosphate) in infant formulas. The results showed that efficient separation could not be achieved without strict conditions. The proposed method displayed a strong linear relationship (R2 > 0.9999) of single nucleotide in infant formula milk powder in the range of 10 to 1,000 mg/kg, a steady recovery (80.0% ∼110.0%) with relative standard deviation from 0.5% to 3.5%, under strict conditions of hydrophilic C18 column with di-isopropyl at 62.5 ± 2.5°C (± standard deviation), 0.65 ± 0.1 mg/mL tetrabutylammonium bisulfate, and mobile phase of pH of 2.75 ± 0.02. By applying this method on a series of milk products in the Chinese market, we found a few of them exceeded the legal limits of nucleotides.

Keywords: chromatographic conditions; high-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet; infant formula; nucleotide.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / veterinary
  • Humans
  • Infant Formula* / chemistry
  • Milk / chemistry
  • Nucleotides*
  • Powders / analysis

Substances

  • Nucleotides
  • Powders