An Investigation into the PVA:MC:NH4Cl-Based Proton-Conducting Polymer-Blend Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Device Application: The FTIR, Circuit Design and Electrochemical Studies

Shujahadeen B Aziz; Elham M A Dannoun; Mohamad A Brza; Niyaz M Sadiq; Muaffaq M Nofal; Wrya O Karim; Sameerahl I Al-Saeedi; Mohd F Z Kadir

doi:10.3390/molecules27031011

An Investigation into the PVA:MC:NH₄Cl-Based Proton-Conducting Polymer-Blend Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Device Application: The FTIR, Circuit Design and Electrochemical Studies

Molecules. 2022 Feb 2;27(3):1011. doi: 10.3390/molecules27031011.

Authors

Shujahadeen B Aziz^{1

2}, Elham M A Dannoun³, Mohamad A Brza⁴, Niyaz M Sadiq¹, Muaffaq M Nofal⁵, Wrya O Karim⁶, Sameerahl I Al-Saeedi⁷, Mohd F Z Kadir⁸

Affiliations

¹ Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.
² Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.
³ Associate Chair of the Department of Mathematics and Science, Woman Campus, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Medical Physics Department, College of Medicals & Applied Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimania 46023, Iraq.
⁵ Department of Mathematics and Science, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nuourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.

Abstract

In this report, the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is performed from polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose (PVA-MC), and ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) using solution casting methodology for its use in electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The characterizations of the prepared electrolyte are conducted using a variety of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The interaction between the polymers and NH₄Cl salt are assured via FTIR. EIS confirms the possibility of obtaining a reasonably high conductance of the electrolyte of 1.99 × 10^-3 S/cm at room temperature. The dielectric response technique is applied to determine the extent of the ion dissociation of the NH₄Cl in the PVA-MC-NH₄Cl systems. The appearance of a peak in the imaginary part of the modulus study recognizes the contribution of chain dynamics and ion mobility. Transference number measurement (TNM) is specified and is found to be (t_ion) = 0.933 for the uppermost conducting sample. This verifies that ions are the predominant charge carriers. From the LSV study, 1.4 V are recorded for the relatively high-conducting sample. The CV curve response is far from the rectangular shape. The maximum specific capacitance of 20.6 F/g is recorded at 10 mV/s.

Keywords: CV; EIS; FTIR; LSV; TNM; ammonium salt; circuit design; polymer blending.