Influences of impervious surfaces on ecological risks and controlling strategies in rapidly urbanizing regions

Ying Hou; Wenhao Ding; Changfeng Liu; Kai Li; Haotian Cui; Baoyin Liu; Weiping Chen

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153823

Influences of impervious surfaces on ecological risks and controlling strategies in rapidly urbanizing regions

Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 15:825:153823. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153823. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Authors

Ying Hou¹, Wenhao Ding¹, Changfeng Liu², Kai Li³, Haotian Cui¹, Baoyin Liu⁴, Weiping Chen⁵

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
² Beijing Qingyuan Eco-environmental Co., LTD, Beijing 102200, China.
³ Department of Geosciences and Natural Resources Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK 1165, Denmark.
⁴ Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China. Electronic address: wpchen@rcees.ac.cn.

PMID: 35157861
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153823

Abstract

Reducing ecological risks is important for promoting regional sustainable development. However, studies on the influence of impervious surfaces on ecological risks and risk control strategies in regions undergoing rapid urbanization are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the spatial-temporal dynamics of regional ecological risks using Beijing as a case study to reveal the influence of impervious surfaces and explore the controlling strategies of risks. We first characterized the ecological risks in Beijing based on the ecosystem service values and mapped the risk levels and temporal variations in risks. We then identified the ecological risk increases caused by impervious surface expansion and built linear regression models for impervious surface coverage (ISC) and risk index. Finally, we formulated ecological risk control strategies for the strategy categories identified based on the ISC thresholds. The results show that the mountainous areas mainly exhibited low ecological risk levels, and the plain areas mainly showed high levels. The expansion of impervious surface was the main cause of the relatively large temporal increase in ecological risks from 2005 to 2015. Moreover, the strategies for ecological risk control can be divided into four categories based on the division of ISC, with 30%, 70%, and 90% as the thresholds. For risk control strategies, reducing ISC is the most important measure to reduce ecological risks for the category with an ISC range of 90%-100%, and increasing the area proportions of forests and water bodies is the most effective measure for the category with an ISC range of 0%-30%. For the other two categories, controlling the ISC and other strategies are required. Our study can increase the understanding of the influences of impervious surfaces on ecological risks in rapidly urbanizing regions and help inform the formulation of strategies for controlling the ecological risks in Beijing.

Keywords: Categorization; Ecosystem services; Equivalent factor; ISC: impervious surface coverage; Spatial-temporal dynamics; Thresholds.

MeSH terms

Beijing
China
Conservation of Natural Resources
Ecosystem*
Forests
Urbanization*