Animal alphacoronaviruses found in human patients with acute respiratory illness in different countries

Anastasia N Vlasova; Teck-Hock Toh; Jeffrey Soon-Yit Lee; Yong Poovorawan; Phillip Davis; Marli S P Azevedo; John A Lednicky; Linda J Saif; Gregory C Gray

doi:10.1080/22221751.2022.2040341

Animal alphacoronaviruses found in human patients with acute respiratory illness in different countries

Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022 Dec;11(1):699-702. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2040341.

Authors

Anastasia N Vlasova¹, Teck-Hock Toh^{2

3}, Jeffrey Soon-Yit Lee^{2

3}, Yong Poovorawan⁴, Phillip Davis⁵, Marli S P Azevedo⁶, John A Lednicky^{7

8}, Linda J Saif¹, Gregory C Gray⁹

Affiliations

¹ Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, USA.
² Clinical Research Center, Sibu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sibu, Malaysia.
³ Faculty of Medicine, SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁴ Center of Excellence in Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁵ MRIGlobal, Kansas City, USA.
⁶ National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Microbiology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, USA.
⁷ Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
⁸ Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
⁹ Departments of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Microbiology and Immunology, and Preventive Medicine & Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.

Abstract

Here we review the existing evidence of animal alphacoronaviruses (Alphacoronavirus 1 species) circulating in human patients with acute respiratory illness. Thus far, the viruses similar to canine, feline and porcine alphacoronaviruses (including the most recent CCoV-HuPn-2018 and HuCCoV_Z19) have been detected in humans in Haiti, Malaysia, Thailand, and USA. The available data suggest that these viruses emerged in different geographic locations independently and have circulated in humans for at least 20 years. Additional studies are needed to investigate their prevalence and disease impact.

Keywords: Canine coronaviruses; East Malaysia; Haiti; USA; acute respiratory illness; novel human alphacoronavirus; pneumonia; zoonotic disease.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Alphacoronavirus*
Animals
Cats
Coronavirus Infections* / epidemiology
Coronavirus Infections* / veterinary
Dogs
Humans
Malaysia
Phylogeny
Respiratory System
Swine
Thailand