Posterior-Stabilized Antibiotic Cement Articulating Spacer With Endoskeleton-Reinforced Cam Reduces Rate of Post-Cam Mechanical Complications in Prosthetic Knee Infection: A Preliminary Study

J Arthroplasty. 2022 Jun;37(6):1180-1188.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.01.094. Epub 2022 Feb 5.

Abstract

Background: Posterior-stabilized antibiotic cement articulating spacers (PS spacers) reduce spacer mechanical complications in prosthetic knee infections (PKIs); however, joint dislocation after femoral cam fracture has been reported. We hypothesized that the rate of post-cam mechanical complications is lower in PS spacers with an endoskeleton-reinforced cam.

Method: A retrospective study of PKIs using PS spacers with or without a Kirschner wire-reinforced cam (K-PS or nK-PS spacers, respectively) was conducted between 2015 and 2019. The rates of post-cam mechanical complications and reoperation, as well as risk factors for post or cam failure, were analyzed.

Results: The cohort included 118 nK-PS and 49 K-PS spacers. All patients were followed up for 2 years. The rate of joint subluxation/dislocation after femoral cam fracture was lower in K-PS (0%) than in nK-PS spacers (17.8%; P = .002). The reoperation rate for spacer mechanical complications was lower in K-PS (0%) than in nK-PS spacers (11.9%; P = .008). The identified risk factors for femoral cam fractures were body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, femoral spacer size ≤2, and surgical volume ≤12 resection arthroplasties per year.

Conclusion: This preliminary study highlights that K-PS spacers have a lower rate of post-cam mechanical complications than nK-PS spacers. We recommend the use of PS spacers with endoskeleton-reinforced cam when treating PKIs performed by surgeons with lower surgical volumes, especially in patients with higher body mass index and smaller femoral spacer sizes.

Keywords: Kirschner wire; dislocation; endoskeleton; femoral cam fracture; posterior-stabilized spacer; prosthetic knee infection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Cements
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / surgery
  • Knee Prosthesis* / adverse effects
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections* / drug therapy
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections* / etiology
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections* / surgery
  • Reoperation / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bone Cements