Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a learning task that combines computer vision with natural language processing. In VQA, it is important to understand the alignment between visual concepts and linguistic semantics. In this paper, we proposed a Pre-training Model Based on Parallel Cross-Modality Fusion Layer (P-PCFL) to learn the fine-grained relationship between vision and language. The P-PCFL model is composed of three Encoders: Object Encoder, Language Encoder, and Parallel Cross-Modality Fusion Encoder, with Transformer as the core. We use four different Pre-training missions, namely, Cross-Modality Mask Language Modeling, Cross-Modality Mask Region Modeling, Image-Text Matching, and Image-Text Q&A, to pre-train the P-PCFL model and improve its reasoning and universality, which help to learn the relationship between Intra-modality and Inter-modality. Experimental results on the platform of Visual Question Answering dataset VQA v2.0 show that the Pre-trained P-PCFL model has a good effect after fine-tuning the parameters. In addition, we also conduct ablation experiments and provide some results of Attention visualization to verify the effectiveness of P-PCFL model.