Abstract
d-allulose is a rare sugar that has been reported to possess anti-hyperglycemic effects. In the present study, we hypothesized that d-allulose is effective in attenuating the progression of diabetic nephropathy in the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drinking water with or without 3% d-allulose was administered to OLETF rats for 13 weeks. Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats that received drinking water without d-allulose were used as non-diabetic control rats. d-allulose significantly attenuated the increase in blood glucose levels and progressive mesangial expansion in the glomerulus, which is regarded as a characteristic of diabetic nephropathy, in OLETF rats. d-allulose also attenuated the significant increases in renal IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels in OLETF rats, which is a proinflammatory parameter. Additionally, we showed that d-allulose suppresses mesangial matrix expansion, but its correlation with suppressing renal inflammation in OLETF rats should be investigated further. Collectively, our results support the hypothesis that d-allulose can prevent diabetic nephropathy in rats.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Blood Glucose / metabolism
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Body Weight
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Cytokines / genetics
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / pathology*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / urine
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Diabetic Nephropathies / blood
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Diabetic Nephropathies / drug therapy*
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Diabetic Nephropathies / urine
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Disease Progression*
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Drinking Behavior
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Fasting / blood
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Fasting / urine
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Feeding Behavior
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Fructose / pharmacology
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Fructose / therapeutic use*
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Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
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Insulin / blood
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Kidney / drug effects
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Kidney / pathology
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Male
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Organ Size
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Protective Agents / pharmacology
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Protective Agents / therapeutic use*
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RNA, Messenger / genetics
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Rats
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Rats, Inbred OLETF
Substances
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Blood Glucose
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Cytokines
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Inflammation Mediators
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Insulin
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Protective Agents
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RNA, Messenger
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psicose
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Fructose
Grants and funding
The study was funded by Matsutani Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for MN, AK, and TI. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. D-Allulose was supplied by the International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.