Physiological Aspects of Germination and Early Seedling Establishment of Pleurotus sajor-caju Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Expressing Transgenic Rice in Saline Environment

Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui; Gang-Seob Lee; Woosuk Cho; Mi-Jeong Jeong; Soo-Chul Park; Taek-Ryoun Kwon; Faisal Zulfiqar; Muhammad Umar; Zainul Abideen; Zaheer Uddin; Hafiza Hamna Ansari; Danish Wajid; Jung-Il Cho

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.767826

Physiological Aspects of Germination and Early Seedling Establishment of Pleurotus sajor-caju Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Expressing Transgenic Rice in Saline Environment

Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jan 12:12:767826. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767826. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Stress Physiology and Phenomic Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
² Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea.
³ Technology Cooperation Bureau, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, South Korea.
⁴ Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
⁵ Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
⁶ Department of Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
⁷ Crop Production and Physiology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea.

Abstract

GPD encodes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme involved in sugar mobilization, particularly glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine physiological aspects of germination and early seedling establishment of PsGPD (Pleurotus sajor-caju glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) expressing transgenic rice (T5) against different salt concentrations. The T5 line that carried 2 copies of T-DNA and had the highest level of PsGPD expression was used in the investigation. Final germination percentage, amylase activity, reducing sugar accumulation, and chlorophyll biosynthesis were comparatively higher in PsGPD expressing transgenic rice against elevating saline conditions. A slow-paced conversion of porphyrin's precursors was seen through the matrix model and further elaborated by a graphical model. A sustained level of porphyrin was observed in PsGPD expressing transgenic rice. These data were concurrent with the relative gene expression and thermal imaging (thermography) of PsGPD expressing transgenic rice against salt stress. Morphological attributes also favored the salt tolerance exhibited by PsGPD-transformed rice.

Keywords: PsGPD; amylase; chlorophyll biosynthesis; enzyme kinetics; germination; salt stress.