Background: Anorectal melanoma is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. Symptoms are often nonspecific, which complicates preoperative diagnosis. Here, we describe the establishment of MELS, a new anorectal melanoma cell line derived from resection of a rectal tumor in a 40-year-old Japanese man.
Methods: Histological, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical features of S-100, HMB-45, Melan-A, and NSE positivity of the tumor were typical of surgically resected anorectal melanoma.
Results: MELS cells are round or oval and have sharp thorn-like protrusions on some or all cell membranes. The cells form irregular attached colonies with numerous floating cells in two-dimensional culture. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that some MELS cells have cytoplasmic melanosomes. Immunocytochemically, MELS cells and surgical tissues had the same staining pattern. MELS cells had lower growth rates than Caco-2 (a colon adenocarcinoma cell line) and A375 (a cutaneous melanoma cell line) cells. Oxaliplatin and irinotecan were more effective in MELS cells than in Caco-2 and A375 cells.
Conclusions: No previous report provided detailed clinical information on an anorectal melanoma cell line. Thus, MELS cells should improve our understanding of the biological characteristics of anorectal melanoma and provide a novel platform for examining the effects of therapies for anorectal melanoma.
Keywords: HMB-45; anorectal melanoma; colorectal cancer; electron microscopy; novel cell line.