Unraveling the magnetic softness in Fe-Ni-B-based nanocrystalline material by magnetic small-angle neutron scattering

Abstract

Magnetic small-angle neutron scattering is employed to investigate the magnetic interactions in (Fe_0.7Ni_0.3)₈₆B₁₄ alloy, a HiB-NANOPERM-type soft magnetic nanocrystalline material, which exhibits an ultrafine microstructure with an average grain size below 10 nm. The neutron data reveal a significant spin-misalignment scattering which is mainly related to the jump of the longitudinal magnetization at internal particle-matrix interfaces. The field dependence of the neutron data can be well described by micromagnetic small-angle neutron scattering theory. In particular, the theory explains the 'clover-leaf-type' angular anisotropy observed in the purely magnetic neutron scattering cross section. The presented neutron data analysis also provides access to the magnetic interaction parameters, such as the exchange-stiffness constant, which plays a crucial role towards the optimization of the magnetic softness of Fe-based nanocrystalline materials.

Keywords: inorganic materials; magnetic scattering; magnetic structures; materials science; micromagnetic theory; nanocrystalline alloys; nanostructures; small-angle neutron scattering; soft magnetic materials.