Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, a common malignant tumor with a high incidence in China, is showing a trend of rising incidence and is afflicting increasingly younger patients. Meanwhile, there have been constant development and innovations in new therapeutic technologies, among which, immunotherapy is now leading in a new era in the treatment of GI cancer. However, the complexity and diversity of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) bring many obstacles to the immunotherapy of solid tumors in the GI tract. In this paper, focusing on solid tumors in the GI tract, we reviewed the main factors affecting the formation of immunosuppressive TME, and summarized strategies for targeted immunosuppressive TME-based therapies. Moreover, we analyzed the synergistic mechanism of various combination immunotherapies and reported on the latest progress in and future direction of immunotherapy for GI cancer, intending to provide new perspectives for treating solid tumors in the GI tract with immumotherapy.
消化道肿瘤（gastrointestinal cancer, GI）是我国常见高发的恶性肿瘤，随着其发病率的日益升高和愈发年轻化的趋势，新的治疗技术也在不断发展和创新，其中免疫疗法正在引领消化道肿瘤治疗新时代。然而，免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（tumor microenvironment, TME）的复杂性和多样性给消化道实体瘤的免疫治疗增添了重重阻碍。本综述以消化道实体肿瘤为切入点，回顾了影响其免疫抑制性微环境形成的主要因素，概述了靶向免疫抑制微环境治疗的策略，分析了各类免疫联合疗法的协同机制，总结了消化道恶性肿瘤患者免疫治疗的最新进展和未来方向，旨在为消化道实体瘤的免疫治疗提供新思路。
Keywords: Anti-tumor therapy; Gastrointestinal cancer; Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment; Immunotherapy.
Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).