PICH Supports Embryonic Hematopoiesis by Suppressing a cGAS-STING-Mediated Interferon Response

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 Mar;9(7):e2103837. doi: 10.1002/advs.202103837. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Abstract

The Plk1-interacting checkpoint helicase (PICH) protein localizes to ultrafine anaphase DNA bridges in mitosis along with a complex of DNA repair proteins. Previous studies show PICH deficiency-induced embryonic lethality in mice. However, the function of PICH that is required to suppress embryonic lethality in PICH-deficient mammals remains to be determined. Previous clinical studies suggest a link between PICH deficiency and the onset of acquired aplastic anemia. Here, using Pich knock-out (KO) mouse models, the authors provide evidence for a mechanistic link between PICH deficiency and defective hematopoiesis. Fetal livers from Pich-KO embryos exhibit a significantly elevated number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs); however, these HSCs display a higher level of apoptosis and a much-reduced ability to reconstitute a functional hematopoietic system when transplanted into lethally irradiated recipients. Moreover, these HSCs show an elevated cytoplasmic dsDNA expression and an activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, resulting in excessive production of type I interferons (IFN). Importantly, deletion of Ifnar1 or cGAS reverses the defective hematopoiesis. The authors conclude that loss of PICH results in defective hematopoiesis via cGAS-STING-mediated type I IFN production.

Keywords: Plk1-interacting checkpoint helicase; cGAS-STING; genomic stability; hematopoietic stem cells; type I interferons.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anaphase
  • Animals
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Interferon Type I* / genetics
  • Mammals / metabolism
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Mice
  • Mitosis
  • Nucleotidyltransferases* / genetics
  • Nucleotidyltransferases* / metabolism

Substances

  • Interferon Type I
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Sting1 protein, mouse
  • Nucleotidyltransferases
  • cGAS protein, mouse