Dental implants in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases: A systematic critical review

Jane-Frances Onyinye Esimekara; Alexandre Perez; Delphine S Courvoisier; Paolo Scolozzi

doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2022.01.005

Dental implants in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases: A systematic critical review

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Oct;123(5):e464-e473. doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Authors

Jane-Frances Onyinye Esimekara¹, Alexandre Perez², Delphine S Courvoisier³, Paolo Scolozzi⁴

Affiliations

¹ Private Practice, Lausanne, Switzerland.
² Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Unit of Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
³ Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
⁴ Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva and University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: paolo.scolozzi@hcuge.ch.

PMID: 35033725
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.01.005

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to evaluate complications and survival rates of dental implants placed in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases.

Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses systematic review guidelines (PRISMA), using Google scholar and PubMed electronic databases with a stop date of September 2021. The eligibility criteria included all full text human studies in the English language literature reporting on patients with autoimmune diseases treated with dental implants.

Results: Fifty-five studies reporting on nine distinct autoimmune diseases were analyzed: 17 on Sjögren's syndrome (SS), 11 on oral lichen planus (OLP), 8 on Type 1 diabetes, 6 on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 4 on systemic scleroderma (SSc), 3 on Crohn's disease (CD), 3 on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 2 on mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMB) and 1 on pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Despite the heterogeneity and methodological limitations of most of the studies, results showed that dental implant survival rates were comparable to those reported in the general population. However, patients with secondary SS or erosive OLP were more susceptible to developing peri-mucositis and increased marginal bone loss.

Conclusion: This review suggested that dental implants may be considered as a safe and viable therapeutic option in the management of edentulous patients suffering from autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, scrupulous maintenance of oral hygiene and long-term follow-up emerge as being the common determinants for uneventful dental implant treatment.

Keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Complications; Dental implants; Osseointegration.

Publication types

Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Dental Implants*
Humans
Lichen Planus, Oral* / chemically induced
Lichen Planus, Oral* / complications
Sjogren's Syndrome* / chemically induced
Sjogren's Syndrome* / complications
Sjogren's Syndrome* / epidemiology

Substances

Dental Implants