Parrondo's paradox in quantum walks with deterministic aperiodic sequence of coins

Phys Rev E. 2021 Dec;104(6-1):064209. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.104.064209.

Abstract

Parrondo's effect is a well-known apparent paradox where a combination of biased random walks displays a counterintuitive reversal of the bias direction. We show that Parrondo's effect can occur not only in the case of one-dimensional discrete quantum walks with random or deterministic periodic sequence of two- or multistate quantum coins but also in the case of one-dimensional discrete quantum walks with deterministic aperiodic sequence of two-state quantum coins. Moreover, we show how Parrondo's effect affects the time evolution of the walker-coin quantum entanglement.