Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Concentrations Among Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Tuan Dinh Le; Nga Phi Thi Nguyen; Hoa Thanh Thi Tran; Thuc Luong Cong; Lan Ho Thi Nguyen; Binh Do Nhu; Son Tien Nguyen; Manh Van Ngo; Hoa Trung Dinh; Hien Thi Nguyen; Kien Trung Nguyen; Duc-Cuong Le

doi:10.2147/DMSO.S344532

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Concentrations Among Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022 Jan 6:15:35-44. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S344532. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Tuan Dinh Le^#^{1

2}, Nga Phi Thi Nguyen², Hoa Thanh Thi Tran³, Thuc Luong Cong^#⁴, Lan Ho Thi Nguyen⁵, Binh Do Nhu⁶, Son Tien Nguyen², Manh Van Ngo⁷, Hoa Trung Dinh⁸, Hien Thi Nguyen⁹, Kien Trung Nguyen¹⁰, Duc-Cuong Le^#^{7

11}

Affiliations

¹ Center of Emergency, Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
² Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
³ National Hospital of Endocrinology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
⁵ Department of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital of Endocrinology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
⁶ Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
⁷ Postgraduate Training Management Department, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Vietnam.
⁸ Department of Requested Treatment, National Hospital of Endocrinology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
⁹ Department of Physiology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Vietnam.
¹⁰ Department of Science Management, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Vietnam.
¹¹ Epidemiology-Faculty of Public Health, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Vietnam.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Purpose: This study was aimed at the prevalence, cardiovascular risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and the relationship between DPN and fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (fGLP-1) concentrations in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2D).

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 2015 to 2020 with a population of 473 nT2D. Screening for DPN was based on the United Kingdom screening test. fGLP-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The prevalence of DPN was 26.6%, in which mild grade was 17.3%, moderate grade was 8.2% and severe grade was 1.1% in total. Age (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.12-2.67, p = 0.012), smoking (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.03-2.62, p = 0.037), poor control HbA1c (OR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.23-5.76, p = 0.01), 24-h urinary albumin (24hUA) (OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.26-4.94, p = 0.007), and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 3.17, 95% CI 1.46-6.89, p = 0.002) significantly increased the risk for DPN. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertension (OR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.16-7.55, p = 0.023), triglyceride (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.11-2.03, p = 0.009), albumin (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.75-0.95, p = 0.005), and fGLP-1 (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.67-0.93, p = 0.005) correlated with DPN. The fGLP-1 concentrations were reduced significantly in DPN (p < 0.001). In particular, male patients with DPN had a significantly lower fGLP-1 levels than those without DPN (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The prevalence of DPN among nT2D was 26.6%. Age, smoking, hypertension, HbA1c control, triglyceride, albumin, 24hUA, diabetic retinopathy were the associated risk factors of DPN, and fGLP-1 was negatively correlated with DPN (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.67-0.93, p = 0.005).

Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors; diabetic peripheral neuropathy; glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations; newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.