Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease affecting middle-aged and elderly patients worldwide. Self-management behavior plays a critical role in maintaining blood pressure. Roy adaptation model (RAM), which was proposed by Roy in 1970, has been used to guide hypertension nursing to improve self-management behavior of elderly patients. In the study, to explore the effect of nursing based on the RAM on the self-management behavior of elderly hypertensive patients.
Methods: A total of 120 elderly hypertensive patients admitted from June 2020 to March 2021 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and observation group based on odd and even numbers of the admission order, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing measures while the observation group was given nursing based on the RAM. The self-management behavior, medication compliance, quality of life, and blood pressure control effect were compared between the two groups.
Results: The scores of the self-efficacy and self-management behaviors of the observation group and the total score of the scale were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05); the observation group patients' medication compliance score was 6.57±1.47, which was higher than that of the control group (4.90±2.16) (P<0.01); physiological function, physical pain, energy, social function, emotional function, mental health scores, and total scores of the SF-36 scale in the observation group were all higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while comparison of the general health status dimension scores showed no statistically significant difference; the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the observation group were respectively lower than those of the control group (P<0.05); The blood pressure control compliance rate of the observation group was 85.4%, which was higher than that of the control group 64.6% (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Nursing intervention based on Roy's adaptation model can better enhance the self-efficacy and self-management ability of elderly hypertensive patients, have a positive effect on promoting healthy behavior changes and improving the quality of life, improve medication compliance, and achieve better blood pressure control effects.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100052466.
Keywords: Roy adaptation model (RAM); hypertension; medication compliance; quality of life; self-management behavior.