Progress in exosome associated tumor markers and their detection methods

Mengjiao Shen; Kaili Di; Hongzhang He; Yanyan Xia; Hui Xie; Rongrong Huang; Chang Liu; Mo Yang; Siyang Zheng; Nongyue He; Zhiyang Li

doi:10.1186/s43556-020-00002-3

Progress in exosome associated tumor markers and their detection methods

Mol Biomed. 2020 Aug 14;1(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s43556-020-00002-3.

Authors

Mengjiao Shen^#^{1

2}, Kaili Di^#¹, Hongzhang He³, Yanyan Xia¹, Hui Xie¹, Rongrong Huang¹, Chang Liu¹, Mo Yang⁴, Siyang Zheng⁵, Nongyue He⁶, Zhiyang Li⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
² Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai, China.
³ Captis Diagnostics Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. Mo.Yang@polyu.edu.hk.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical & Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Scott Hall 4N211, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. siyangzheng@cmu.edu.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. nyhe@seu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. lizhiyangcn@qq.com.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Exosomes are secreted by cells and are widely present in body fluids. Exosomes contain various molecular constituents of their cells of origin such as proteins, mRNA, miRNAs, DNA, lipid and glycans which are very similar as the content in tumor cells. These contents play an important role in various stages of tumor development, and make the tumor-derived exosome as a hot and emerging biomarker for various cancers diagnosis and management in non-invasive manner. The present problems of exosome isolation and detection hinder the application of exosomes. With the development of exosome isolation and detection technology, the contents of exosomes can be exploited for early cancer diagnosis. This review summarizes the recent progress on exosome-associated tumor biomarkers and some new technologies for exosome isolation and detection. Furthermore, we have also discussed the future development direction in exosome analysis methods.

Publication types

Review