Identification of an early-stage Parkinson's disease neuromarker using event-related potentials, brain network analytics and machine-learning

PLoS One. 2022 Jan 7;17(1):e0261947. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261947. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of developing a biomarker that can discriminate early-stage Parkinson's disease from healthy brain function using electroencephalography (EEG) event-related potentials (ERPs) in combination with Brain Network Analytics (BNA) technology and machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Background: Currently, diagnosis of PD depends mainly on motor signs and symptoms. However, there is need for biomarkers that detect PD at an earlier stage to allow intervention and monitoring of potential disease-modifying therapies. Cognitive impairment may appear before motor symptoms, and it tends to worsen with disease progression. While ERPs obtained during cognitive tasks performance represent processing stages of cognitive brain functions, they have not yet been established as sensitive or specific markers for early-stage PD.

Methods: Nineteen PD patients (disease duration of ≤2 years) and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent EEG recording while performing visual Go/No-Go and auditory Oddball cognitive tasks. ERPs were analyzed by the BNA technology, and a ML algorithm identified a combination of features that distinguish early PD from HC. We used a logistic regression classifier with a 10-fold cross-validation.

Results: The ML algorithm identified a neuromarker comprising 15 BNA features that discriminated early PD patients from HC. The area-under-the-curve of the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.79. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.74 and 0.73, respectively. The five most important features could be classified into three cognitive functions: early sensory processing (P50 amplitude, N100 latency), filtering of information (P200 amplitude and topographic similarity), and response-locked activity (P-200 topographic similarity preceding the motor response in the visual Go/No-Go task).

Conclusions: This pilot study found that BNA can identify patients with early PD using an advanced analysis of ERPs. These results need to be validated in a larger PD patient sample and assessed for people with premotor phase of PD.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Brain / physiopathology*
  • Electroencephalography*
  • Evoked Potentials*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Machine Learning*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parkinson Disease* / diagnosis
  • Parkinson Disease* / physiopathology

Grants and funding

elminda Ltd. (https://elminda.com/) has received grant number 61451 from the Israel Innovation Authority (https://innovationisrael.org.il/en/), as part of the Brain Stimulation and Monitoring Toolbox (BSMT) consortium, to conduct this study. elminda Ltd. provided support in the form of salaries for authors [RS, DS, GI, ZP and ABG] and was involved in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of the authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.