Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index as a Predictor of Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Cancer

HuiFang Lei; ShuXia Xu; XiaoDan Mao; XiaoYing Chen; YaoJia Chen; XiaoQi Sun; PengMing Sun

doi:10.2147/JIR.S345790

Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index as a Predictor of Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Cancer

J Inflamm Res. 2021 Dec 21:14:7131-7142. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S345790. eCollection 2021.

Authors

HuiFang Lei^#^{1

2}, ShuXia Xu^#³, XiaoDan Mao^{1

2}, XiaoYing Chen⁴, YaoJia Chen^{1

2}, XiaoQi Sun⁴, PengMing Sun^{1

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
² Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Purpose: This study assessed the predictive value of the preoperative systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included 392 EC patients between January 2013 and January 2019. Data on clinical indicators including age, body mass index (BMI), menopause, serum inflammatory immune index, serum tumor markers, history of diabetes and hypertension, stage, histological type, and myometrial invasion (MI) were collected. The association between clinical indicators and LNM was evaluated.

Results: The results indicated that neutrophil (NE), monocyte (MO) counts, SII, cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 153 (CA153), cancer antigen 199 (CA199), and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and Ki67 were higher in EC patients with LNM than in those without LNM (P<0.05). Lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI) was also associated with LNM (P<0.05). Consequently, the SII, CA125, CA153 and LVSI were found to be independent risk factors for LNM, and a nomogram including these indicators was performed. The ROC curve analysis showed that compared with a single index, the combination of the SII, CA125, CA153 and LVSI significantly improved the efficiency of diagnosing LNM in EC patients (AUC=0.865, P < 0.001). Moreover, the SII was significantly associated with age, menopause, and FIGO stage (P < 0.05). Further logistic regression analysis suggested that elevated serum SII was an independent risk factor for MI and progression to a higher pathological grade in young premenopausal EC patients. In addition, elevated SII was an independent risk factor for advanced EC progression in age ≥55 or postmenopausal EC patients.

Conclusion: An elevated SII is an independent risk factor for LNM in patients with EC. In addition, the SII can be used as a predictor of MI and higher pathological grade in young premenopausal EC patients.

Keywords: endometrial cancer; lymph node metastasis; lymphocyte count; neutrophil; platelet; systemic immune-inflammatory index.

Grants and funding

Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2021J01404).