Proteomics is widely used to investigate and understand viral infections in livestock and poultry. The effects of infections on abundance, post-translational modifications, and interactions of host cell proteins have been systematically studied using proteomic methods, such as two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Such research increases our understanding of the pathogenesis of viral infections and contributes to the development of novel anti-viral drugs for the livestock and poultry industries. Keywords: proteomics; infectious diseases; poultry and livestock; application.