Silymarin/curcumin loaded albumin nanoparticles coated by chitosan as muco-inhalable delivery system observing anti-inflammatory and anti COVID-19 characterizations in oleic acid triggered lung injury and in vitro COVID-19 experiment

Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Feb 15:198:101-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.073. Epub 2021 Dec 28.

Abstract

Respiratory infected by COVID-19 represents a major global health problem at moment even after recovery from virus corona. Since, the lung lesions for infected patients are still sufferings from acute respiratory distress syndrome including alveolar septal edema, pneumonia, hyperplasia, and hyaline membranes Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify additional candidates having ability to overcome inflammatory process and can enhance efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19. The polypenolic extracts were integrated into moeties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and then were coated by chitosan as a mucoadhesion polymer. The results of interleukin-6, and c-reactive protein showed significant reduction in group treated by Encap. SIL + CUR (64 ± 0.8 Pg/μL & 6 ± 0.5 μg/μL) compared to group treated by Cham. + CUR (102 ± 0.8 Pg/μL & 7 ± 0.5 μg/μL) respectively and free capsules (with no any drug inside) (148 ± 0.6 Pg/μL & 10 ± 0.6 μg/μL) respectively. Histopathology profile was improved completely. Additionally, encapsulating silymarin showed anti-viral activity in vitro COVID-19 experiment. It can be summarized that muco-inhalable delivery system (MIDS) loaded by silymarin can be used to overcome inflammation induced by oleic acid and to overcome COVID-19.

Keywords: Assembly; Coronavirus; Mucoadhesive.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • Chamomile / chemistry
  • Chitosan / chemistry
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Curcumin / administration & dosage
  • Curcumin / pharmacology*
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods
  • Flavonoids / analysis
  • Flavonoids / chemistry
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Lung Injury / blood
  • Lung Injury / chemically induced
  • Lung Injury / drug therapy*
  • Lung Injury / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Oleic Acid / toxicity
  • Silybum marianum / chemistry
  • Silymarin / administration & dosage
  • Silymarin / pharmacology*
  • Vero Cells
  • Viral Plaque Assay

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Flavonoids
  • Interleukin-6
  • Silymarin
  • interleukin-6, mouse
  • Oleic Acid
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Chitosan
  • Curcumin