Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging predicts clinicopathological parameters and stages of endometrial carcinomas

Cancer Med. 2022 Feb;11(4):993-1004. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4486. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Abstract

Background: We investigated the agreement and accuracy of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with postoperative pathological characteristics and stages of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC).

Methods: We recruited 527 women with EEC who underwent staging surgery at a single medical institution. The preoperative MRI, stages, and clinical and pathological parameters, including myometrial invasion (MI), cervical invasion (CI), adnexal metastasis (AM), intra-abdominal metastasis, and pelvic and/or para-aortic nodal metastasis, were recorded and analyzed. The agreement and accuracy between the preoperative MRI findings and these parameters and stages were assessed.

Results: The rate of the preoperative MRI-based clinical stage matching the postoperative surgical stage was 85.2% in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IA, 51.9% in stage IB, 35.5% in stage II, 5.3% in stage IIIA, 33.3% in stage IIIB, 28.6% in stage IIIC1, 64.3% in stage IIIC2, and 93.8% in stage IVB. The consistency between radiologists and pathologists was 80.5% for deep MI, 91.5% for cervical invasion, 92.2% for adnexal metastasis, 98.9% for intra-abdominal metastasis, and 87.5% and 92.2% for pelvic and para-aortic nodal metastases, respectively. The negative predictive value of intra-abdominal metastasis was the highest with 99.8%.

Conclusions: Preoperative MRI could be an excellent tool for routine preoperative assessment to predict pathological parameters and stages of EEC, especially in excluding intra-abdominal metastatic disease.

Keywords: endometrial carcinoma; magnetic resonance image; metastasis; stage.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Endometrioid* / pathology
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging