In Vitro Biological Evaluation of a Fabricated Polycaprolactone/Pomegranate Electrospun Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

Khadiga M Sadek; Wael Mamdouh; Shaymaa I Habib; Mervat El Deftar; A Nour A Habib

doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c04608

In Vitro Biological Evaluation of a Fabricated Polycaprolactone/Pomegranate Electrospun Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

ACS Omega. 2021 Dec 8;6(50):34447-34459. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04608. eCollection 2021 Dec 21.

Authors

Khadiga M Sadek¹, Wael Mamdouh², Shaymaa I Habib¹, Mervat El Deftar³, A Nour A Habib¹

Affiliations

¹ Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 El-Saraya St.-Manial, Cairo, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
² Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering (SSE), The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, 11835 New Cairo, Egypt.
³ Pathology Department, Tissue Culture Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kornish El-Nile, Fom El- Khaleg, 11796 Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Different scaffold biomaterials are being investigated as a solution for bone loss due to disease or trauma. The aim of this study is the fabrication, characterization, and in vitro biological evaluation of a novel polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoscaffold incorporating pomegranate peel extract (PG) for bone regeneration. Using electrospinning, three groups of scaffolds were prepared: the control group PCL and two groups of PCL with PG concentrations (11 and 18 weight %). The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content (TPC) of the fabricated nanoscaffolds were evaluated, in addition to the porosity and degradation measurement. Cultured osteoblasts derived from rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were used for the assessment of cell proliferation and attachment on the scaffold's surface. Scaffolds' characterization showed uniform nanofibers (NFs) with a fiber diameter range of 149-168 nm. Meanwhile, higher antioxidant activity and TPC of the PG groups were detected. Furthermore, total porosities of 59 and 62% were determined for the PCL-PG scaffolds. An increased degradation rate and significant improvement in cell proliferation and cell attachment were revealed for the PCL-PG fabricated scaffolds. Such incorporation of natural food waste, PG, in PCL NFs offered novel PCL-PG scaffolds as a promising candidate for bone regeneration applications.