Objective: The results of syphilis antibody screening in Peking University Third Hospital from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed,to explore the characteristics of sex, age and distribution of patients with positive syphilis antibody. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect the results of syphilis antibody in outpatients and inpatients of Peking University Third Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Syphilis antibodies were screened in 626 528 patients aged 1-98 years, 4 232 were retested positive by TPPA test, including 2 132 males (50.4%) and 2 100 females (49.6%). Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CMIA) was used for syphilis antibody screening, and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) test was used for reexamination. SPSS20.0 data statistical analysis software was used to analyze the detection rate, age, sex, department and clinical diagnosis of patients with positive syphilis antibody by χ² test. Results: Among 626 528 patients who were positive for treponema pallidum antibody screening, 4 232 were retested positive by TPPA test, accounting for 0.68% of the total number of patients tested. The number of syphilis tests increased year by year, however the positive detection rate decreased. The positive detection rate of syphilis antibody in 2020 decreased by 18.9% compared with 2016. The positive rate of syphilis antibody in male patients was higher than that in female patients, accounting for 0.80% and 0.59% of the total number of patients tested respectively. The positive rate of syphilis antibody of different genders increased with age, the total positive rate of 0-20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-80,>80 years old were 0.15%, 0.45%, 0.95%, 1.07% and 1.41%, respectively. While the increase rate of males was higher than that of females. The positive rate of male over 80 years old was 18.13 times of the group of 0-20 years old, and 5.54 times in women. The top 6 departments with positive syphilis antibody detection rate were emergency department, oncology department, respiratory department, geriatrics department, endocrinology department and neurology department, and the positive rates were 1.79% (104/5 810),1.46% (55/3 767),1.20% (74/6 167),1.20% (22/1 833),1.10% (32/2 909),1.09% (94/8 624), respectively. From the analysis of clinical diagnosis, the proportion of positive syphilis antibody in infertile patients (0.64%, 672/104 911) was higher than that in naturally conceived patients (0.10%, 24/23 969). Conclusions: From 2016 to 2020, the positive detection rate of syphilis antibody in Peking University Third Hospital decreased year by year. However, the positive detection rate increased with the age of patients. The positive rate of syphilis antibody in male was higher than that in female. The positive rate of syphilis antibody in pregnant women was lower than that in infertile patients.
目的： 分析2016至2020 年北京大学第三医院梅毒抗体筛查结果，探讨梅毒抗体阳性患者的性别、年龄等特点及就诊分布情况。 方法： 回顾性研究，收集2016 至2020 年北京大学第三医院门诊与住院患者术前筛查中梅毒抗体检测结果。梅毒抗体筛查626 528人，年龄1~98岁，其中梅毒抗体初筛阳性共计6 696人，经梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验（TPPA试验）后阳性4 232人，男性2 132人（50.4%），女性2 100人（49.6%）。梅毒抗体筛查采用化学发光免疫分析法（CMIA），复检采用TPPA试验。应用SPSS20.0数据统计分析软件对梅毒抗体阳性患者的检出率、年龄、性别、科室及临床诊断等进行χ²检验等统计分析。 结果： 6 696例梅毒螺旋体抗体筛查阳性后经TPPA复检阳性4 232例。梅毒检测人数逐年增加，但阳性检出率降低，2020年梅毒抗体阳性检出率比2016年下降了18.9%。男性患者梅毒抗体阳性检出率较女性患者高，各占总检测人数的0.80%和0.59%。不同性别患者的梅毒抗体阳性检出率都随年龄的增大而升高，0~20岁、21~40岁、41~60岁、61~80岁、>80岁的总阳性率依次为0.15%、0.45%、0.95%、1.07%、1.41%，男性升高幅度较女性大。男性>80岁组的阳性率是0~20岁组的18.13倍，女性为5.54倍。梅毒抗体阳性检出率排在前6位的就诊科室依次为急诊科、肿瘤科、呼吸科、老年病内科、内分泌科、神经科，阳性检出率分别为1.79%（104/5 810）、1.46%（55/3 767）、1.20%（74/6 167）、1.20%（22/1 833）、1.10%（32/2 909）、1.09%（94/8 624）。从临床诊断分析，诊断为不孕症患者中梅毒抗体阳性人数占比（0.64%，672/104 911）高于自然受孕患者中梅毒抗体阳性人数占比（0.10%，24/23 969）。 结论： 2016至2020年北京大学第三医院梅毒抗体阳性检出率逐年下降；但随患者年龄的增大而呈现阳性检出率升高；男性梅毒抗体阳性检出率比女性高；自然受孕孕妇的梅毒抗体阳性检出率低于不孕症患者。.