Influence of entropy on Brinkman-Forchheimer model of MHD hybrid nanofluid flowing in enclosure containing rotating cylinder and undulating porous stratum

Fares Redouane; Wasim Jamshed; S Suriya Uma Devi; Belhadj M Amine; Rabia Safdar; Khaled Al-Farhany; Mohamed R Eid; Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar; Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty; I S Yahia

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03477-4

Influence of entropy on Brinkman-Forchheimer model of MHD hybrid nanofluid flowing in enclosure containing rotating cylinder and undulating porous stratum

Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 21;11(1):24316. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03477-4.

Authors

Fares Redouane¹, Wasim Jamshed², S Suriya Uma Devi³, Belhadj M Amine¹, Rabia Safdar⁴, Khaled Al-Farhany⁵, Mohamed R Eid^{6

7}, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar⁸, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty^{9

10}, I S Yahia^{11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ LGIDD, Ahmed ZABANA University, Relizane, Algeria.
² Department of Mathematics, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan. wasiktk@hotmail.com.
³ Department of Mathematics, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641407, India.
⁴ Department of Mathematics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
⁵ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, 58001, Iraq.
⁶ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, Al-Kharga, Al-Wadi Al-Gadid, 72511, Egypt.
⁷ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, 1321, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Aldawaser, 11991, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Physics, College of Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 344, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
¹¹ Laboratory of Nano-Smart Materials for Science and Technology (LNSMST), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
¹² Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
¹³ Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Biomedical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab., Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, 11757, Egypt.

Abstract

The current article aims to discuss the natural convection heat transfer of Ag/Al₂O₃-water hybrid filled in an enclosure subjected to a uniform magnetic field and provided with a rotating cylinder and an inner undulated porous layer. The various thermo-physical parameters are investigated such as Rayleigh number ([Formula: see text]), Hartmann number ([Formula: see text]), and the nanoparticles concentration ([Formula: see text]). Likewise, the rotational speed of the cylinder ([Formula: see text]), as well as several characteristics related to the porous layer, are examined li its porosity ([Formula: see text]), Darcy number ([Formula: see text]) which indicates the porous medium permeability and the number of undulations ([Formula: see text]). The calculations are carried out based on the Galerkin Finite element method (GFEM) to present the streamlines, isotherms, entropy generation, and average Nusselt numbers in details. The main results proved that increment of Rayleigh number and Darcy number enhances heat transfer convection within the enclosure. Whilst, the porosity presents a minimal impact. Also, the rotational speed in a positive direction has a favorable influence on the heat transfer dispersion across the cavity.