Objective: To review the methods of improving the mechanical properties of hydrogels and the research progress in bone tissue engineering.
Methods: The recent domestic and foreign literature on hydrogels in bone tissue engineering was reviewed, and the methods of improving the mechanical properties of hydrogels and the effect of bone repair in vivo and in vitro were summarized.
Results: Hydrogels are widely used in bone tissue engineering, but their mechanical properties are poor. Improving the mechanical properties of hydrogels can enhance bone repair. The methods of improving the mechanical properties of hydrogels include the construction of dual network structures, inorganic nanoparticle composites, introduction of conductive materials, and fiber network reinforcement. These methods can improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels to various degrees while also demonstrating a significant bone repair impact.
Conclusion: The mechanical properties of hydrogels can be effectively improved by modifying the system, components, and fiber structure, and bone repair can be effectively promoted.
目的: 对提高水凝胶机械性能方法及其在骨组织工程中的研究进展进行综述。.
方法: 查阅近年国内外水凝胶用于骨组织工程研究的相关文献，并对提高水凝胶机械性能方法及其所制备的水凝胶体内外骨修复效果进行分析和总结。.
结果: 水凝胶已被广泛用于骨组织工程的研究，但存在机械性能较差的问题，提高水凝胶的机械性能可以改善其骨修复效果。构建双网络结构、复合无机纳米粒子、引入导电材料及纤维网络增强是目前提高水凝胶机械性能的常用方法，这些方法不同程度地提高了水凝胶机械性能，并表现出促进骨修复的效果。.
结论: 通过改变成胶体系、组分以及纤维结构，可以有效改善水凝胶机械性能，并显著促进骨修复。.
Keywords: Bone tissue engineering; bone defect repair; hydrogels; mechanical property; scaffold material.