RNA N6-methyladenosine in nonocular and ocular disease

Nan Wang; Fei Yao; Die Liu; Haibo Jiang; Xiaobo Xia; Siqi Xiong

doi:10.1002/jcp.30652

RNA N6-methyladenosine in nonocular and ocular disease

J Cell Physiol. 2022 Mar;237(3):1686-1710. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30652. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

Authors

Nan Wang^{1

2}, Fei Yao^{1

2}, Die Liu^{1

2}, Haibo Jiang^{1

2}, Xiaobo Xia^{1

2}, Siqi Xiong^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
² Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.

PMID: 34913163
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30652

Abstract

N⁶ -methyladenosine (m⁶ A), the sixth N methylation of adenylate (A) in RNA, is the most abundant transcriptome modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNAs). m⁶ A modification exists in both coding mRNA and noncoding RNAs, and its functions are controlled by methyltransferase, demethylase, and m⁶ A reading proteins. Methylation modification of m⁶ A can regulate RNA cleavage, transport, stability, and expression. This review summarizes the enzymes involved in RNA m⁶ A methylation and the commonly used detection methods. The role of m⁶ A modification in physiological processes is described, and its impact on tumorigenesis, viral infection, and diabetes is further highlighted. Moreover, up-to-date knowledge of the implications of RNA m⁶ A modification in ocular diseases such as uveal melanoma and diabetic retinopathy is introduced. Clarifying the mechanism of RNA m⁶ A methylation will help elucidate the pathogenesis of various diseases, providing options for subsequent treatment.

Keywords: N6-methyladenosine; RNA; diabetic retinopathy; uvea melanoma.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Adenosine* / analogs & derivatives
Adenosine* / metabolism
Eye Diseases* / metabolism
Humans
Methylation
Methyltransferases* / metabolism
RNA* / metabolism
RNA, Messenger

Substances

RNA, Messenger
RNA
N-methyladenosine
Methyltransferases
Adenosine