Orthodontic mini-implants: clinical and peri-implant evaluation

Abstract

The study evaluated the clinical changes of orthodontic mini-implants (MI) inserted for the purpose of anchoring during orthodontic treatment. The null hypotheses were: 1-that there is no correlation between proximity of the MI to the root and peri-implantitis or mobility; 2-that peri-implantitis does not interfere with mobility; 3-that the pain is not related to mobility or peri-implantitis. Forty (40) patients were selected and the MI were evaluated for each patient. MI in the upper and lower arch were evaluated for a period of approximately 6 months with relationship to the distance MI - root, peri-implantitis, mobility, biological damage and pain through the analysis of periapical radiography and clinical/periodontal evaluation. The evaluations were performed out by means of scores and a correlation was made between the variables. No statistically significant differences were found between the upper and lower arch in the variables evaluated, except for the mobility that was more present in the lower arch (p = 0.0336). There was a correlation between peri-implantitis and mobility (p = 0.0003) and between pain and mobility (p = 0.0443). However, there was no correlation between a greater degree of peri-implantitis and greater mobility (p = 0.7054). In addition, the MI placed too close to the root showed peri-implantitis (p = 0.0142). The null hypotheses were rejected because there was a positive correlation between the analyzes. The placement of MI close to the root led to greater peri-implantitis. Patients who reported pain had greater mobility of the MI and peri-implantitis led to greater mobility.

Keywords: Bone screw; Gingivitis; Orthodontic anchorage procedures; Orthodontics.