Spatial mapping of cancer tissues by OMICS technologies

Rashid Ahmed; Robin Augustine; Enrique Valera; Anurup Ganguli; Nasrin Mesaeli; Irfan S Ahmad; Rashid Bashir; Anwarul Hasan

doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188663

Spatial mapping of cancer tissues by OMICS technologies

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2022 Jan;1877(1):188663. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188663. Epub 2021 Nov 30.

Authors

Rashid Ahmed¹, Robin Augustine², Enrique Valera³, Anurup Ganguli³, Nasrin Mesaeli⁴, Irfan S Ahmad⁵, Rashid Bashir⁶, Anwarul Hasan⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA.
² Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
³ Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
⁵ Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA.
⁶ Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. Electronic address: rbashir@illinois.edu.
⁷ Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar. Electronic address: ahasan@qu.edu.qa.

PMID: 34861353
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188663

Abstract

Spatial mapping of heterogeneity in gene expression in cancer tissues can improve our understanding of cancers and help in the rapid detection of cancers with high accuracy and reliability. Significant advancements have been made in recent years in OMICS technologies, which possess the strong potential to be applied in the spatial mapping of biopsy tissue samples and their molecular profiling to a single-cell level. The clinical application of OMICS technologies in spatial profiling of cancer tissues is also advancing. The current review presents recent advancements and prospects of applying OMICS technologies to the spatial mapping of various analytes in cancer tissues. We benchmark the current state of the art in the field to advance existing OMICS technologies for high throughput spatial profiling. The factors taken into consideration include spatial resolution, types of biomolecules, number of different biomolecules that can be detected from the same assay, labeled versus label-free approaches, and approximate time required for each assay. Further advancements are still needed for the widespread application of OMICs technologies in performing fast and high throughput spatial mapping of cancer tissues as well as their effective use in research and clinical applications.

Keywords: Digital pathology; Mass spectrometry; Microarray technologies; OMICS technologies; Single cell RNA sequencing; Spatial profiling; Tumor tissues.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Neoplasms* / genetics
Reproducibility of Results