Well-being, physical fitness and health profile of 10-12 years old boys in relation to leisure-time sports club activities: a cross-sectional study

Malte Nejst Larsen; Mads Madsen; Rasmus Cyril; Esben Elholm Madsen; Rune R Lind; Knud Ryom; Søren Riis Christiansen; Anne-Marie Elbe; Peter Krustrup

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050194

Well-being, physical fitness and health profile of 10-12 years old boys in relation to leisure-time sports club activities: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open. 2021 Nov 30;11(11):e050194. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050194.

Authors

Malte Nejst Larsen¹, Mads Madsen², Rasmus Cyril², Esben Elholm Madsen^{2

3}, Rune R Lind², Knud Ryom⁴, Søren Riis Christiansen⁵, Anne-Marie Elbe⁶, Peter Krustrup^{2

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Sport and Health Sciences Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark mnlarsen@health.sdu.dk.
² Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Sport and Health Sciences Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
³ Institut for Terapeut- og Jordemoderuddannelser, University College Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark.
⁴ Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Midtjylland, Denmark.
⁵ Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
⁶ Institute of Sport Psychology and Physical Education, Leipzig University Faculty of Sport Science, Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany.
⁷ Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter School of Sport and Health Sciences, Exeter, Devon, UK.

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the correlation between sports club activities and well-being and physical health parameters in 10-12 years old boys.

Design: Cross sectional.

Setting: Danish schools.

Participants: 2293 boys took part in the study.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Questionnaires on participation in sports clubs and well-being and testing of physical health profile through measurement of body composition, resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure and postural balance, jump and Yo-Yo IR1C performance. Data were analysed by participation in sport and according to the five most frequently reported sports.

Results: Boys enrolled in sports clubs had higher physical well-being (51.7±9.7 vs 45.9±8.7) and psychological well-being (53.3±9.6 vs 51.4±10.0), experienced more peers and social support (50.9±9.9 vs 48.0±11.6), and had a more positive perception of the school environment (48.6±7.5 vs 45.9±8.1) than boys not involved in sports clubs. In addition, they showed better Yo-Yo IR1C (+46%), long jump (9%) and balance test performance (+20%). The boys active in sports clubs had higher relative muscle mass (+6%) and lower fat percentage (-3%), body mass index (-6%) and RHR (-5%) compared with boys not involved in sports clubs (p<0.05). Boys enrolled in football clubs had higher aerobic fitness compared with boys not active in clubs (+11%), handball players (+5%), swimmers (+8%) and badminton players (+7%). Moreover, the boys enrolled in football clubs had lower fat percentage (-17%) and higher relative muscle mass (+4%) than swimmers.

Conclusion: Boys participating in club-based sports showed markedly higher levels of well-being and better physical health profiles than boys not involved in sports club activities. Footballers had superior aerobic fitness and body composition compared with those active in other sports. Results suggest that sports club activities seem to be beneficial for young boys' well-being, fitness and physical health profile, with the greatest benefits achieved by boys involved in football.

Keywords: education & training (see medical education & training); mental health; public health.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Child
Cross-Sectional Studies
Exercise
Football*
Humans
Leisure Activities
Male
Physical Fitness*