Orbital cellulitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis with contralateral sinus disease in a COVID-19 positive adolescent patient

Orbit. 2023 Jun;42(3):332-335. doi: 10.1080/01676830.2021.2006722. Epub 2021 Nov 30.

Abstract

Patients with COVID-19 have been reported to have elevated coagulation factors, which is a well-documented cause of venous thromboembolism events such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Other venous thrombotic events, however, such as cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) have been less commonly observed, specifically in combination with primary orbital cellulitis. Due to its unique anatomic location, the cavernous sinus is susceptible to thrombophlebitis processes including septic thrombosis and thrombosis most commonly from sinusitis. Many studies have shown that in the antibiotic era thromboembolic events of the cavernous sinus are less common due to infection spread from the orbit or facial region. This case report describes a 17-year-old COVID-19 positive male who presented with a left-sided primary orbital cellulitis with CST without radiographic evidence of ipsilateral sinus disease.

Keywords: COVID-19; Cavernous sinus thrombosis; cerebral venous thrombosis; hypercoagulable; primary orbital cellulitis; sinus disease.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • COVID-19*
  • Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis* / etiology
  • Cavernous Sinus* / diagnostic imaging
  • Cellulitis / complications
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Orbital Cellulitis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Orbital Cellulitis* / drug therapy
  • Thrombosis* / complications