Factors associated with the risk of cardiac death in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Studies on risk factors of sudden cardiac death (CD) or CD in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are lacking.

Objectives: To assess factors associated with the risk of sudden CD or CD in HCM children.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched.

Results: The results indicated that children with previous adverse cardiac events during childhood and with a history of syncope had an increased risk of sudden CD or CD. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) in HCM children was associated with sudden CD or CD. Children with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were at higher risk of sudden CD or CD. And left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction was a potential risk factor for sudden CD in children with HCM (all P<0.05).

Conclusion: Optimal care and appropriate monitoring is necessary for HCM children with higher risk of sudden CD or CD.

Keywords: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; cardiac death; influencing factors; meta-analysis.