Post-ischemic skin peak oxygen saturation is associated with cardiovascular risk factors: a Swedish cohort study

Hanna Jonasson; Sara Bergstrand; Ingemar Fredriksson; Marcus Larsson; Carl Johan Östgren; Tomas Strömberg

doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104284

Post-ischemic skin peak oxygen saturation is associated with cardiovascular risk factors: a Swedish cohort study

Microvasc Res. 2022 Mar:140:104284. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104284. Epub 2021 Nov 23.

Authors

Hanna Jonasson¹, Sara Bergstrand², Ingemar Fredriksson³, Marcus Larsson⁴, Carl Johan Östgren², Tomas Strömberg⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: hanna.jonasson@liu.se.
² Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
³ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Perimed AB, Järfälla, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

PMID: 34826433
DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104284

Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore the associations between skin microcirculatory function and established cardiovascular risk factors in a large Swedish cohort. As part of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), microcirculatory data were acquired at Linköping University hospital, Linköping, Sweden during 2016-2017. The subjects, aged 50-64 years, were randomly selected from the national population register. Microcirculatory reactivity was assessed using a 5-min arterial occlusion-release protocol. Comprehensive skin microcirculatory data were continuously acquired by using a fiberoptic probe placed on the lower right arm. After exclusion of missing data (208), 1557 subjects were remaining. Among the parameters, skin microcirculatory peak oxygen saturation after occlusion release, had the strongest relationship to the cardiovascular risk factors. The linear associations between peak oxygen saturation and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed adjusted for age and sex. We found a negative association with peak oxygen saturation (standardized regression coefficient) for blood pressure (systolic -0.05 (95% CI: -0.10;-0.003) and diastolic -0.05 (-0.10; -0.003)), BMI -0.18 (-0.23; -0.13), waist circumference (males -0.20 (-0.32; -0.16), females -0.18 (-0.25; -0.11)), prevalent diabetes -0.31 (-0.49; -0.12), hypertension -0.30 (-0.42; -0.18), dyslipidemia -0.24 (-0.40; -0.09), fasting glucose level -0.06 (-0.12; -0.01), HbA1c -0.07 (-0.12; -0.02), triglyceride level -0.09 (-0.14; -0.04), hsCRP -0.12 (-0.17; -0.07), and current smoker versus never smoked -0.50 (-0.67; -0.34). A positive association with peak oxygen saturation was found for cholesterol level 0.05 (0.005; 0.11) and HDL 0.11 (0.06; 0.17). This is the first study showing that post-ischemic skin microvascular peak oxygen saturation is associated with virtually all established cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based middle-aged cohort.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Cohort studies; Microcirculation; Risk factors.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biomarkers / blood
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Ischemia / blood*
Ischemia / diagnosis
Ischemia / epidemiology
Ischemia / physiopathology
Male
Microcirculation*
Middle Aged
Oxygen / blood*
Oxygen Saturation*
Oxyhemoglobins / metabolism
Regional Blood Flow
Risk Assessment
Skin / blood supply*
Sweden / epidemiology

Substances

Biomarkers
Oxyhemoglobins
Oxygen