The association of aldehydes exposure with diabetes mellitus in US population: NHANES 2013-2014

Xueqiong Weng; Jingmin Chen; Qiaoyuan Fei; Xinrong Guo; Shan Liu; Lin Wen; Huanzhu Liang; Congcong Guo; Lihong Nie; Chunxia Jing

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133019

The association of aldehydes exposure with diabetes mellitus in US population: NHANES 2013-2014

Chemosphere. 2022 Mar;291(Pt 2):133019. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133019. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
² Jiaojiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
³ Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Ave West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: jcxphd@gmail.com.

PMID: 34813847
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133019

Abstract

Background: The association of mixed aldehydes exposure with diabetes remains unclear.

Objective: We aimed to explore associations between serum aldehydes concentration and diabetes.

Methods: We analyzed associations between aldehydes and diabetes using data from 1795 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2014 by multiple logistic regression models. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the combined association of serum aldehydes on prediabetes and diabetes.

Results: Isopentanaldehyde increased the risk of diabetes 2.09 fold (95%CI:1.05-4.16) in the highest tertile, compared to the lowest-tertile concentration after adjusting for covariates, with a p-value for trend (P-t) equal to 0.041, in females. The adjusted OR of prediabetes with a 95% CI for the highest tertile was 0.52(0.28, 0.97) for benzaldehyde in females (P-t = 0.034). We also found associations in the male group between butyraldehyde and diabetes for the second (OR:2.80, 95%CI:1.35-5.79) and third (OR:2.59, 95%CI:1.30-5.17) tertile levels (P-t = 0.010). The risk of diabetes increased 2.55 fold (95%CI: 1.26-5.16, P-t = 0.008), in subjects in the highest tertile of hexanaldehyde concentration. Other aldehydes did not show a statistically significant association with diabetes or prediabetes. The BKMR model showed a positive association of mixed aldehydes with diabetes in males, and butyraldehyde showed a significant positive trend with the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.85). Mixed aldehydes increased female's risk from prediabetes to diabetes in which isopentanaldehyde had the highest posterior inclusion probability (PIP = 0.67).

Conclusions: The mixed aldehydes might increase the risk of suffering from diabetes in males and accelerate the progression of diabetes in females, in which butyraldehyde and isopentanaldehyde play the most important roles.

Keywords: Aldehydes; BKMR; Butyraldehyde; Diabetes; Isopentanaldehyde.

MeSH terms

Aldehydes
Bayes Theorem
Diabetes Mellitus* / epidemiology
Female
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Nutrition Surveys
Prediabetic State* / epidemiology

Substances

Aldehydes