First evidence for N7-Platinated Guanosine derivatives cell uptake mediated by plasma membrane transport processes

J Inorg Biochem. 2022 Jan:226:111660. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111660. Epub 2021 Nov 9.

Abstract

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) belong to a family of compounds widely used in anticancer/antiviral treatments. They generally exhibit a cell toxicity limited by cellular uptake levels and the resulting nucleos(t)ides metabolism modifications, interfering with the cell machinery for nucleic acids synthesis. We previously synthesized purine nucleos(t)ide analogues N7-coordinated to a platinum centre with unaltered sugar moieties of the type: [Pt(dien)(N7-dGuo)]2+ (1; dien = diethylenetriamine; dGuo = 2'-deoxy-guanosine), [Pt(dien)(N7-dGMP)] (2; dGMP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine monophosphate), and [Pt(dien)(N7-dGTP)]2- (3; dGTP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine triphosphate), where the indicated electric charge is calculated at physiological pH (7.4). In this work, we specifically investigated the uptake of these complexes (1-3) at the plasma membrane level. Specific experiments on HeLa cervical cancer cells indicated a relevant cellular uptake of the model platinated deoxynucleos(t)ide 1 and 3 while complex 2 appeared unable to cross the cell plasma membrane. Obtained data buttress an uptake mechanism involving Na+-dependent concentrative transporters localized at the plasma membrane level. Consistently, 1 and 3 showed higher cytotoxicity with respect to complex 2 also suggesting selective possible applications as antiviral/antitumor drugs among the used model compounds.

Keywords: Antitumor drugs; Antiviral drugs; Metalated purines; Nucleic acids; Nucleoside analogues; Platinum based drugs.

MeSH terms

  • Biological Transport
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Cytotoxins* / chemical synthesis
  • Cytotoxins* / chemistry
  • Cytotoxins* / pharmacokinetics
  • Cytotoxins* / pharmacology
  • Guanosine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Guanosine* / chemistry
  • Guanosine* / pharmacokinetics
  • Guanosine* / pharmacology
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Organoplatinum Compounds* / chemical synthesis
  • Organoplatinum Compounds* / chemistry
  • Organoplatinum Compounds* / pharmacokinetics
  • Organoplatinum Compounds* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Cytotoxins
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Guanosine