Synthesis and characterizations of iron antimony oxide nanoparticles and its applications in electrochemical detection of carbendazim in apple juice and paddy water samples

Abstract

This study reports a facile sonohydrolysis synthesis route to prepare the iron antimony oxide (FeSbO₄) nanoparticles for the trace level electrochemical sensing of fungicide carbendazim (CRBZ). As prepared FeSbO₄ nanoparticles show a nano-cubes-like morphology with uniform distributions that crystallized in the tetragonal phase. The diffraction studies reveal that the FeSbO₄ nanoparticles have high crystallinity and high purity. Furthermore, the other structural properties and morphology are characterized by XRD, Raman, XPS, HRTEM, and FESEM analysis. The electrochemical characterizations of FeSbO₄ modified GCE towards the detection of CRBZ are performed by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. The FeSbO₄/GCE exhibits a linear range from 0.01 µmol L^-1 to 64.3 µmol L^-1, the sensitivity of 0.68 µA cm^-2 µM^-1, and the LOD of 5.4 nmol L^-1. Moreover, the FeSbO₄/GCE delivered high selectivity among the possibly interfering compounds. Also, our projected FeSbO₄/GCE electrode material shows good recoveries in apple juice and paddy water real samples.

Keywords: Carbendazim; Chronoamperometry; Electrochemical sensors; Iron antimony oxide nanoparticles; Sonohydrolysis; Toxic material.