Bioguided isolation of antiplasmodial secondary metabolites from Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)

Christine Claire Waleguele; Marthe Aimée Tchuente Tchuenmogne; Yannick Stéphane Fotsing Fongang; Jules Ngatchou; Jean Jules Kezetas Bankeu; Augustin Silvère Ngouela; Etienne Tsamo; Norbert Sewald; Rui Werner Maçedo Krause; Bruno Ndjakou Lenta

doi:10.1515/znc-2021-0182

Bioguided isolation of antiplasmodial secondary metabolites from Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)

Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2021 Nov 18;77(3-4):125-131. doi: 10.1515/znc-2021-0182. Print 2022 Mar 28.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
² Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown/Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bambili, Cameroon.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, P.O. Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

PMID: 34787980
DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0182

Abstract

The antiplasmodium assay-guided investigation of the roots, stem bark, and leaves of Persea americana Mill. led to the isolation of a new fatty alcohol, perseatriol (1), along with six known compounds (2-7). Their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. All crude extracts and fractions exhibited good antiplasmodial activity on Plasmoduim falciparum 3D7 with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.76 to 10.5 μg/mL; they also displayed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells with low selectivity indexes (SIs). A preliminary Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay was also performed on the isolated compounds. 9,9'-Di-O-feruloyl-5,5'-dimethoxysecoisolariciresinol (4) turned out to be non-toxic and displayed the best activities on P. falciparum with an IC₅₀ value of 0.05 μM, comparable to the reference drug chloroquine with an IC₅₀ value of 0.03 μM. Furthermore, besides compound 4, this work reports the first isolation of lutein (2) and scopoletin (3) from P. americana. The crude extracts of roots, stem bark, and leaves of P. americana, their fractions and compounds completely suppressed the growth of P. falciparum. The observed activity supports the use of P. americana in folk medicine for the treatment of malaria.

Keywords: Persea americana; antiplasmodial-guided; cytotoxicity; lauraceae; lignan.

MeSH terms

Antimalarials* / chemistry
Antimalarials* / pharmacology
HeLa Cells
Humans
Lauraceae*
Persea*
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Plasmodium falciparum

Substances

Antimalarials
Plant Extracts