Efficacy and risks of tooth-supported prostheses in the treatment of partially edentulous patients with stage IV periodontitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis

J Clin Periodontol. 2022 Jun:49 Suppl 24:182-207. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13482. Epub 2021 Nov 16.

Abstract

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of tooth-supported fixed prostheses in partially edentulous patients with stage IV periodontitis.

Material and methods: Randomized and controlled clinical trials (RCTs and CCTs) and prospective/retrospective cohort studies or case series were searched in three databases. Survival rate of abutment teeth was considered the primary outcome. Meta-analyses were performed whenever possible.

Results: Twenty-four publications were included. No RCTs or CCTs compared the efficacy of tooth-supported fixed prostheses between patients with severe periodontitis or non-periodontitis patients. Most of the data retrieved were derived from case series. The incidence of abutment-tooth loss after a follow-up period from 2 to 35.4 years was low (n = 17 studies; weighted mean incidence (WMI) = 4.8%; confidence interval (CI) [3.2, 6.5]). The corresponding figure for prostheses failure was WMI = 6.9% (n = 18; 95% CI [4.1, 9.7]). Technical complications seemed to be more frequent than biological complications (caries, endodontic failure, root fracture, etc.). Periodontal outcomes tended to remain stable over time.

Conclusion: Tooth-supported fixed prostheses seemed to be a valid treatment approach to restore masticatory function in patients with stage IV periodontitis once periodontal therapy has been accomplished. However, the comparative efficacy of this treatment among periodontitis and non-periodontitis patients is unclear due to the absence of clinical trials.

Keywords: dental prostheses; partial edentulism; periodontal indices; periodontitis; tooth loss.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Dental Abutments
  • Dental Implants* / adverse effects
  • Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / adverse effects
  • Dental Restoration Failure
  • Denture, Partial, Fixed / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Mouth, Edentulous* / etiology
  • Periodontitis* / complications
  • Periodontitis* / therapy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Dental Implants