Formulation design for colon-specific delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) could bring some therapeutic benefits in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). In the current study, a 32 full factorial design was used to predict optimum coating composed of two enteric (poly methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylates 1:2 and 1:1) and time-dependent (poly ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonio ethyl methacrylate chloride 1:2:0.1) polymethacrylates for colon-specific delivery of 5-ASA pellets. A unique coating composition and coating level predicted by the model was applied onto either inulin-free 5-ASA pellets or inulin-bearing 5-ASA pellets and the coated pellets were examined by dissolution test in-vitro. The coated pellets were also tested in a rat model of UC and compared with the a commercially available colonic delivery system of 5-ASA. The ratio of the two enteric polymethacrylates and time-dependet polymethacrylate of 16:64:20 w/w at a coating level of 15% was discovered as the optimum coating for delivery of 5-ASA pellets to the colon. In general, the coated pellets offered a better therapeutic outcome compared to commercially available colonic delivery system of 5-ASA and uncoated pellets in terms of colitis activity index and the colon's tissue enzymes of MDA and GSH. It seems that the coating composed of enteric and pH-dependent polymethacrylates could tune up the rate of drug release from 5-ASA-coated pellets and trigger drug release based on pH and time.
Keywords: 5-Aminosalicylic acid pellets; Colonic delivery; Controlled release, polymethacrylates, Inulin; pH and time-dependent approach.
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