Assessment of diabetic small-fiber neuropathy by using short-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging

Yi-Jing Sheen; Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu; Hsin-Che Wang; Jun-Peng Chen; Yi-Hsuan Sun; Hsian-Min Chen

doi:10.1002/jbio.202100220

Assessment of diabetic small-fiber neuropathy by using short-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging

J Biophotonics. 2022 Feb;15(2):e202100220. doi: 10.1002/jbio.202100220. Epub 2021 Nov 22.

Authors

Yi-Jing Sheen^{1

2}, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu^{1

2

3

4}, Hsin-Che Wang^{5

6}, Jun-Peng Chen⁷, Yi-Hsuan Sun⁶, Hsian-Min Chen^{6

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
² Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
³ Institute of Medical Technology, College of Life Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁴ School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁵ Research and Development Department, ISUZU Optics, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
⁶ Center for Quantitative Imaging in Medicine (CQUIM), Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁷ Biostatistics Task Force, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁸ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁹ Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.

PMID: 34766729
DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100220

Abstract

Among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the association between hyperspectral imaging (HSI) examination and diabetic neuropathy (DN) is ascertained using HSI of the feet using four types of spectral difference measurements. DN was evaluated by traditional Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), evaluation of painful neuropathy (ID-Pain, DN4) and sudomotor function by measuring electrochemical skin conductance (ESC). Of the 120 T2DM patients and 20 healthy adults enrolled, T2DM patients are categorized into normal sudomotor (ESC >60 μS) and sudomotor dysfunction (ESC ≤ 60 μS) groups. Spectral difference analyses reveal significant intergroup differences, whereas traditional examinations cannot distinguish between the two groups. HSI waveform reflectance gradually increases with disease severity, at 1400 to 1600 nm. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for abnormal ESC is ≥0.8 for all four HSI methods. HSI could be an objective, sensitive, rapid, noninvasive and remote approach to identify early small-fiber DN.

Keywords: diabetic neuropathy (DN); electrochemical skin conductance (ESC); hyperspectral imaging (HSI); short-wave infrared (SWIR); type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / diagnostic imaging
Diabetic Neuropathies* / diagnostic imaging
Foot
Galvanic Skin Response
Humans
Hyperspectral Imaging