Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles for drug-free biomedical applications

F Kurtuldu; H Kaňková; A M Beltrán; L Liverani; D Galusek; A R Boccaccini

doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100150

Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles for drug-free biomedical applications

Mater Today Bio. 2021 Oct 14:12:100150. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100150. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Authors

F Kurtuldu^{1

2}, H Kaňková¹, A M Beltrán³, L Liverani², D Galusek^{1

4}, A R Boccaccini²

Affiliations

¹ FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia.
² Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
³ Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de Los Materiales y Del Transporte, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, 41011 Seville, Spain.
⁴ Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChFT STU, FunGlass, 911 50, Trenčín, Slovakia.

Abstract

Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNPs) are attracting significant attention as suitable materials for multifunctional biomedical applications. In this study, cerium was incorporated into MBGNPs using two different approaches. In the first approach, cerium was added to the glass system directly during the synthesis, while in the second approach, cerium was added to the as-synthesized MBGNPs via the template ion-exchange method. The influence of the method of synthesis on the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles was examined by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and N₂ adsorption-desorption analyses. The MBGNPs exhibited spheroidal morphology and disordered mesoporous structure. XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the nanoparticles. The chemical composition was determined by the acid digestion method using ICP-OES. The influence of the synthesis method on the specific surface area, mesoporosity, and solubility of synthesized nanoparticles in Tris/HCl (pH 7.4) and acetate (pH 4.5) buffer has also been studied. The obtained Ce containing MBGNPs were non-cytotoxic toward preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells in contact with nanoparticles in a concentration of up to 100 μg/mL. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ce containing MBGNPs was tested with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced proinflammatory RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Ce containing MBGNPs decreased the release of nitric oxide, indicating the anti-inflammatory response of macrophage cells. Ce containing MBGNPs also showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The mentioned features of the obtained MBGNPs make them useful in a variety of biomedical applications, considering their biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory response, and enhanced antibacterial effect.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation activity; Antibacterial materials; Bioactive glassses; Metal ion; Nanoparticles.