Effects of exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Mech Ageing Dev. 2021 Dec:200:111593. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111593. Epub 2021 Oct 28.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a variety of cells, and they participate in intercellular communication by transferring microRNA (miRNA) and other substances. Among the various internal and external factors involved in the occurrence and development of AD, exosome-derived miRNAs have become essential in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD. As nanocarriers of miRNA, exosomes are expected to become an important tool in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of AD. This article reviews the roles of exosomal miRNAs in the pathophysiological process, diagnostic biomarkers and treatment of AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Diagnosis; Exosomes; Mesenchymal stem cells; MicroRNA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease* / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease* / pathology
  • Alzheimer Disease* / therapy
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Central Nervous System / metabolism
  • Central Nervous System / pathology
  • Exosomes / genetics*
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism*
  • Paracrine Communication / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • MicroRNAs