Antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in hemodialysis patients: Is inactivated vaccine effective?

Ther Apher Dial. 2022 Aug;26(4):769-774. doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.13752. Epub 2021 Nov 16.

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccines generally have reduced effectiveness in hemodialysis patients and a similar condition may also apply for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The aim of this study was to analyze humoral responses of hemodialysis patients to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Methods: Eighty-five maintenance hemodialysis patients who received either inactivated or mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were investigated. Antibody levels were measured by a commercial antibody kit, which detected antibodies toward receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Comparative analyzes were carried between vaccine groups and with a control group of 103 healthy volunteers.

Results: Seropositivity rate and antibody levels were significantly lower in hemodialysis patients who received inactivated vaccine (p = 0.000). While mRNA vaccine had better immunogenicity, both vaccines protected from symptomatic infection when seropositivity was achieved.

Discussion/conclusion: When used in the same dose with the general population, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines generate reduced humoral response in hemodialysis patients. mRNA vaccines have better immunogenicity in this group.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; hemodialysis; immunization; vaccine.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibody Formation
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Renal Dialysis
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Vaccines, Inactivated
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Vaccines*
  • mRNA Vaccines

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Vaccines, Inactivated
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Vaccines
  • mRNA Vaccines
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2