Full-color enhanced second harmonic generation using rainbow trapping in ultrathin hyperbolic metamaterials

Junhao Li; Guangwei Hu; Lina Shi; Nan He; Daqian Li; Qiuyu Shang; Qing Zhang; Huange Fu; Linlin Zhou; Wei Xiong; Jianguo Guan; Jian Wang; Sailing He; Lin Chen

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26818-3

Full-color enhanced second harmonic generation using rainbow trapping in ultrathin hyperbolic metamaterials

Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 5;12(1):6425. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26818-3.

Authors

Junhao Li^#¹, Guangwei Hu^#², Lina Shi^#³, Nan He⁴, Daqian Li¹, Qiuyu Shang⁵, Qing Zhang⁶, Huange Fu¹, Linlin Zhou¹, Wei Xiong⁷, Jianguo Guan⁸, Jian Wang¹, Sailing He^{4

9}, Lin Chen¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
³ Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
⁴ Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Sensing Technologies, JORCEP, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
⁵ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
⁶ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. q_zhang@pku.edu.cn.
⁷ Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. weixiong@hust.edu.cn.
⁸ State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
⁹ Department of Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
¹⁰ Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. chen.lin@mail.hust.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Metasurfaces have provided a promising approach to enhance the nonlinearity at subwavelength scale, but usually suffer from a narrow bandwidth as imposed by sharp resonant features. Here, we counterintuitively report a broadband, enhanced second-harmonic generation, in nanopatterned hyperbolic metamaterials. The nanopatterning allows the direct access of the mode with large momentum, rendering the rainbow light trapping, i.e. slow light in a broad frequency, and thus enhancing the local field intensity for boosted nonlinear light-matter interactions. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, we fabricated a nanostructured Au/ZnO multilayer, and enhanced second harmonic generation can be observed within the visible wavelength range (400-650 nm). The enhancement factor is over 50 within the wavelength range of 470-650 nm, and a maximum conversion efficiency of 1.13×10^-6 is obtained with a pump power of only 8.80 mW. Our results herein offer an effective and robust approach towards the broadband metasurface-based nonlinear devices for various important technologies.

Abstract

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