Aerogenous Metastasis and Spread Through the Air Spaces - Distinct Entities or Spectrum of the Same Process?

Abstract

Clinicopathological and imaging studies indicate that metastatic spread of cancer cells through the airways may occur in primary lung cancer. The term aerogenous metastasis was been proposed years before the concept of spread through the airspaces (STAS) was introduced in the current World Health Organization classification. The pathogenesis of STAS has not been fully elucidated. The current definition of STAS is controversial and limited to early stage adenocarcinomas. In this article, existing knowledge on the pathogenesis, histology, imaging findings, and clinical and prognostic significance of these 2 entities is presented.

Keywords: Aerogenous metastasis; Chest computed tomography; Computed tomography; Lung adenocarcinoma; Lung cancer; Spread through the air spaces.