Hemoglobin: Multiple molecular interactions and multiple functions. An example of energy optimization and global molecular organization

Mol Aspects Med. 2022 Apr:84:101040. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101040. Epub 2021 Oct 19.

Abstract

One might think that after over 100 years of study we now know all there is to know about Hemoglobin and its function. However, the purpose of this review is to outline that this fascinating protein has still much to say in the field of biological modulation. Hence, we like to focus on a number of parallel functions of hemoglobin besides its basic function of oxygen transport. Among these we like to recall the following main functions: a) modulation of erythrocyte metabolism; b) Heme oxidation and erythrocytes senescence; c) resistance to malaria; d) molecular heat transducer e) Enzymatic activity; f) Hemorphins, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide.

Keywords: Hemoglobin; Multiple functions; Thermodynamic linkage.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carbon Monoxide / metabolism
  • Erythrocytes / metabolism
  • Heme* / metabolism
  • Hemoglobins* / genetics
  • Hemoglobins* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Oxygen

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Heme
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Oxygen